Electrochemical Nano Biosensor

This analytical device converts biochemical occurrences, such as antigen-antibody interaction and enzyme-substrate reaction, into electrical signals. Depending on each sensor's composition, it can detect biological materials such as enzymes, whole cells, specific ligands, and tissues, but also non-biological chemicals.

An electrode is an important part of this sensor, used as solid support for the immobilization of biomolecules and electron movement. For electrodes, carbon-based materials (carbon nanotubes and graphene) or non-carbon nanomaterials (metallic and silica nanoparticles or nanowire) can be used. When a particular biomolecule is detected, the conductance, resistance, or capacitance of the biosensor surface changes due to oxidation and reduction reactions, providing the sensor with a signal. Current uses vary from clinical (long-term implants and in-vitro multi-analysis) to non-clinical applications, such as reactive monitoring and bioagent detection.